The ilium (plural ilia ) is the top and largest part of the hip bone, and appears in most vertebrates including mammals and birds, but not a bony fish. All reptiles have ilium except snakes, although some species of snakes have small bones that are considered as ilium.
The human ilium is divided into two parts, body and wings; This separation is indicated on the upper surface by the curved line, the arcuate line, and on the outer surface by the edges of the acetabulum.
The name comes from the Latin ( ile , ilis ), which means "crotch" or "pelvis".
Video Ilium (bone)
Structure
Ilium consists of body and wings. Together with iscium and pubis, where the ilium is connected, this forms the pelvic bone, with only a faint line indicating a place of unity.
The body (Latin: corpus ) makes up less than two-fifths of the acetabulum; and is also part of the acetabular fossa. The internal surface of the body is part of the lower pelvic wall and provides the origin to some fibers of the obturator internus.
The wing (Latin: ala ) is an expanded large section that confines the pelvis larger laterally. It has external and internal surfaces, symbols, and two borders - anterior and posterior.
Development
Maps Ilium (bone)
Clinical interests
Biiliac width
In humans, wide biiliac is an anatomical term that refers to the widest size of the pelvis between the outer edge of the upper iliac bone.
The width of the biiliac has the following common synonyms: hip bone width , width of biiliac , width/width interrusal, width bi-iliac and width biiliocristal/wide.
It is best measured with anthropometric calipers (anthropometers designed for such measurements are called pelvimeters). Trying to measure the width of the biiliac with the meter along the curved surface is not accurate.
Biiliac width is helpful in midwifery because the pelvis that is too small or too large can have complications. For example, a large baby or small hip often causes death unless a cesarean section is performed.
It is also used by anthropologists to estimate body mass.
Other animals
Dinosaur
The clade dinosaur is divided into Saurischia and Ornithischia based on hip structure, including the most important of the ilium. Both in Saurischia and Ornithischia, the ilium extends laterally to both sides of the body axis. Two other pelvic bones, ischium and pubis, extend downward from the ilium to the animal's belly. The acetabulum , which can be considered a "hip-socket", is the opening on each side of the pelvic girdle formed where the iscium, ilium, and pubis all meet, and where the head is from the femur insert. The orientation and position of the acetabulum is one of the main morphological features that causes dinosaurs to walk with erect postures with their feet just beneath their bodies. The brevis fossa is a deep groove at the bottom of the postacetabular process, the back of the ilium. The brevis shelf is the inner bony bulge of the fossa , the bony wall that forms the internal face of the back of the ilium, which acts as an attachment area. for the tail muscle, musculus caudofemoralis brevis . Often, close to the lower edge hip-socket of the outer surface of the postacetabular process is positioned higher than the edge of the brevis shelf, exposing the latter in the side view. Some mesozoic animals have no llium like the widely known pteradactal.
History
The 'English' name ilium as the bone pelvis can be traced back to the anatomical writing of Andreas Vesalius, which creates a os ilium expression. In this expression ilium can be regarded as the plural genitive of a singular nominative of the noun i . Ile in classical Latin may refer to the side of the body , or to groin , or the part of the belly of the lowest rib to my pubes . Ile is usually found as plural ( ilia ) in classic Latin. The os ilium can literally be translated as bones (Latin: os ) from the sides .
More than a millennium earlier ossa ilium was described by the Greek physician Galen, and referred to as, with a very similar expression, " ?????? ??????? ????, flat bones of the pelvis , with ????? for wings . In the Latin anatomy, the expression os lagonicum can also be found, based on Ancient Greece ?????. In modern Greek nominalized adjectives ??????? used to refer to os ilium .
In Latin and Greek it is not uncommon to nominate an adjective, for example stimulantia from remedia stimulantia or? ????????? from? ????????? ??????. The name ilium used in English can not be considered a nominalized adjective derived from a full Latin expression os ilium , such as ilium in this phrase a genital plural of a noun and not a single nominative of an adjective. The form of ilium in English is considered to be derived from the Latin word ilium, the orthographic variant in Latin ile , side or < i> groin . While the expression Andreas Vesalius os ilium correctly expressed pelvis , the single term ilium as used in the English language, lacked this precision and possessed literally translated as groin or pelvis .
But it is in the Latin adjective ilius/ilia/ilium . But this adjective does not mean with the flap , but Trojan . Troy is called in classic Latin like Ilium , Ilion or Ilios and in ancient Greek as ???? ? or ?????.
The first edition of the official Latin nomenclature, Nomina Anatomica of the first 80 years (first in 1895) uses the expression Vesalian os ilium . In subsequent editions from 1983 and 1989, the expression os ilium was changed to os ilii . This latter expression presupposes the singular genital form of the alternative noun ilium rather than the plural genitive of the noun ile . Insufficiently inconsistent, in the 1983 edition of Nomina Anatomica the genitive plural of ile (instead of ilium ) is still used in expressions such as vena circumflexa superficial ilium . In the current edition of Nomina Anatomica 1998, re-baptized as Terminologia Anatomica , the expression os ilium is reintroduced and os ilii I> deleted.
Additional images
See also
- Iliac crest
- The ilium wings
References
This article combines text in the public domain of page 236 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
External links
- Photo anatomy: 44: st-0701 in SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- the pelvis at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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