Folsom State Prison ( FSP ) is the California State Penitentiary at Folsom, California, USA, about 20 miles (30 km) northeast of the state capital of Sacramento. It is one of 33 prisons operated by the California Department of Rehabilitation and Rehabilitation.
Opened in 1880, Folsom is the country's second oldest prison, after San Quentin, and the first in the United States to have electricity. Folsom is also one of the first maximum security prisons, and has been the site of the execution of 93 condemned prisoners over a 42-year period.
Folsom is perhaps best known in popular culture for concerts performed at the facility by musician Johnny Cash, especially in 1968, when two shows from January 13th were made into a live album. He has written and recorded the song "Folsom Prison Blues" more than a decade before.
Video Folsom State Prison
Facilities
Both FSP and California State Prison, Sacramento (SAC) share a mailing address: Represa, CA 95671. Represa (translated as "dam" from Spanish) is the name given in 1892 to the State Prison office post because of its proximity to the dam on the American River being built at that time. The dam was replaced in 1955 by the Folsom Dam.
As of March 2012, the total population of the facility is 2,912, or 117.9 percent of the design capacity of 2,469.
The facility includes five home units within a secure perimeter, including the original two-tier structure. Unit 1 is the most densely populated cell block in the United States, with a capacity of nearly 1,200 inmates in four five-level sections. All cells include toilets, washbasins, beds, and storage space for inmates.
The prison facility also includes two dining rooms, a large central prison practice yard, and two smaller exercise yards. The visiting rooms include an attached terrace as well as space for non-contact visits.
Maps Folsom State Prison
History
FSP is the second oldest jail in California, long known for its harsh conditions in the decades after the California Gold Rush. Although the FSP now houses medium security detainees, this is one of America's first maximum security prisons.
Construction of this facility began in 1878, at the site of the Stony Bar mining mine along the American River. The prison was officially opened in 1880 with a capacity of 1,800 prisoners; they spend most of their time in the dark, behind a solid cylindrical plate door in a 4 x 8 foot (1.2 x 2.4 m) stone cell with an eye slot of 6 inches (15 cm). The air holes were drilled into the cell door in the 1940s, and cell doors are still in use today.
The FSP is the world's first electric power jail, provided by the first hydroelectric power station in California.
After the state of California took control of the death penalty in 1891, executions took place at Folsom and San Quentin. A total of 93 prisoners were hanged in the FSP between December 13, 1895, and December 3, 1937. Further executions were carried out in the gas chamber at San Quentin.
The FSP industry includes metal fabrication and print shops, and the mine at FSP provides granite for the foundations of the Parliament building and the many gravels used in the early development of California's streets. In addition, California license plate vehicles have been manufactured at FSP since the 1930s.
In 1968, Johnny Cash played a concert in prison. Every prisoner present lives in his or her own cell and almost entirely follows an educational program or learns to trade. Most of the released prisoners did not return to prison after being released.
Laura Sullivan of National Public Radio says that the cost of housing detainees is "barely listed" in the state budget. In 2009, Folsom was overcrowded, with 4,427 inmates. Around that year most of his detainees were released back to prison after being released.
Inmate program
California California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA)
The California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA) program includes the administration, the Braille company, the plate factory where inmates have made California license plates since before the 1930s, maintenance, metal fabrication, printing plants and sign shops.
Vocational
The Vocational Innovation Program known as Construction and Technical Education (CTE's) includes Welding, Automachanics, Electronics, Electrical Works, Masonry, Building Maintenance, Plumbing, Carpentry, Sustainable Environment Development (SEEDS) and Office Services. & lt; Tn. Ken Spencer -Principal Greystone Adult School, Folsom Prison & gt;
Academic
The Prisoners Academy Program includes Adult Basic Education, Secondary School/GED, English as a Second Language, literacy program, Computer Help Instructions.
Folsom Women's Facility
In January 2013, Folsom Women's Facility, a self-sustaining section for women, opened. The northernmost female prison on CDCR, this facility has room for 403 women. In 2013 25% of women are Hispanic. Prison houses are low risk.
The free trial
Folsom is one of the first maximum security prisons in the United States. Before the completion of the granite walls of the 1920s, the prison saw many attempts to escape; the first occurred shortly after the first inmates arrived in the 1880s. Throughout the violent and bloody history of Folsom, much of the riots and escape attempts have resulted in the deaths of inmates and staff.
The 1920 Prison train effort
In 1920, three inmates hijacked a prison train used to move the material and destroy it through the prison gate to escape.
1932 Dummy used when escaping
On June 16, Dwight E. Abbott, 24, a Los Angeles robber, escaped from Folsom by making a living human doll. The doll was cleverly made to look real enough with Abbott's own hair, belonging to his cellmate, and the plaster of Paris's face, to fool the guards until the next day. This, according to Warden, is seen in his bed and deceive the guards until it is generally locked.
Dropping 1932
An inmate, Carl Reese, attempted to flee in 1932 using wetsuits made from a football bladder, goggle lens, and other materials. According to Floyd Davis, a 13-year-old jail keeper who continues to volunteer at the museum after his retirement, the inmates make only one mistake: he did not make his breathing tube long enough and eventually drowned in a power plant grid pool. The guard must dry the pool to restore the body of the inmates.
September 19, 1937
About 40 inmates were waiting to talk to Warden Clarence Larkin about the upcoming parole hearing when seven inmates suddenly attacked him. When they took him to the yard, another guard started shooting. In the commotion that followed, Officer Harry Martin and Warden Larkin were both stabbed to death. Officer Martin was killed at the scene, and Warden Larkin died of his injuries five days later.
The prisoners involved in the attack were said to have attacked the Warden and officers with shanks (prison-made knives). Also, wooden semiotomatic pistols made in prisons are found; it is carved and intended to be used in the attack.
One of seven inmates trying to escape was wanted for the murder of Officer James Hill, from Marlow, Oklahoma Police Department, on April 20, 1931.
Two of the escaped prisoners were shot dead during the incident. The remaining five were sentenced to death and eventually executed in late 1938. Two suspects, including the one who killed Officer Hill, were executed in the gas chamber on December 2nd. The other two were executed on December 9, and the group leader was executed on December 16.
June 5, 1987
The inmate of Glen Stewart, Godwin, earned him a place on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list.
In 1987, Godwin attempted to flee during his detention at the Deuel Vocational Institute in Tracy, California, and he was transferred to Folsom State Prison with maximum security. Authorities believe that Godwin's wife Shelly Rose Godwin and his former cell friend at Deuel, Lorenz Karlic, helped plan his escape.
Hacksaws and other equipment have been smuggled into prison for Godwin. On June 5, 1987, he cut a hole through a wire fence and fled to a storm channel that emptied into the American River. Godwin falls through the manhole and crawls 750 feet through a black channel. Either Godwin's wife or his accomplice Karlic had left the raft that Godwin used to float in the river, following the arrows painting on the rocks that directed him where to go.
In June 1987, Karlic was arrested in Hesperia, California, and was convicted of helping Godwin's escape.
In January 1988, Shelly Godwin was classified as a federal fugitive for her role in her husband's escape. The FBI arrested him in Dallas, Texas, on February 7, 1990. Godwin was arrested in Mexico in 1991 but escaped from jail in Guadalajara in September of that year and remains free to roam.
October 19, 2010
Two minimum security prisoners, Jeffrey William Howard, 43, and Garrett Daniel Summet, 34, fled from Folsom on October 19, 2010.
Lieutenant Prison Lieutenant Anthony Gentile did not specify the circumstances in which the men escaped, saying only that the two men had fled from the Minimum Prison Support Facility, and that the escape was found when both failed to report to their work area.
Folsom State Prison Correctional Prison staff and CDCR Prison Security Offices started a business of self-arrest. The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, local law enforcement agencies and the California Highway Patrol joined the search for two people, who were arrested in Inglewood, CA on November 22, 2010.
Violent incident
In 1937, Warden Clarence Larkin, was stabbed during an escape attempt and died of his wounds.
During the 1970s and 1980s, violence at Folsom peaked, when the Mexican Mafia, the Black Guerrilla Family, and other prison gangs made the prison even more dangerous. The establishment of a Safe Housing Unit, first in California State Prison, Sacramento, and then at Pelican Bay State Prison in Crescent City, and the California State Prison Corcoran did a lot to control gang-related violence.
On August 27, 2010, seven federal inmates at Folsom were hospitalized after a corrective officer fired a gun during a riot involving 200 inmates. None of the injuries were life-threatening inmates, and no correction officers were injured during the incident.
On Wednesday, September 19, 2012, a fight broke out in one of the yards, shortly after 11:00. No prison staff were believed to be injured and the fighting was finally broken by prison guards (using less lethal force), but one inmate was shot and at least ten other inmates sustained a stabbed or slashed injury, authorities said (they were admitted to a local hospital).
In popular culture
Johnny Cash
Singer Johnny Cash made FSP widely known in the outside world through his song "Folsom Prison Blues" (1956) - which tells the fictional story of the criminal detention, and through two live concerts he performed at FSP. The first in 1966; more famously, was held on January 13, 1968 in the FSP canteen, recorded as the album In Folsom Prison . Cash said FSP prisoners were "the most enthusiastic audience I ever played." The single "Folsom Prison Blues" from the album was # 1 on the country music chart for four weeks, and the album was on the 200 pop album charts for 122 weeks. The 40th anniversary tribute concert was held in the same cafeteria at FSP on January 13, 2008, with a special performance by original drummer Cash, W.S. "Fluke" Holland. The initial plan was to stream a concert via the Internet, with four non-profit groups guaranteeing performances and sharing in any outcome of the show. However, a few days before the concert took place, it was canceled in disputes over rights of film making, media access, and security issues.
Movies
The FSP has been the location of a number of feature films, including Riot in Block 11 Cell, American Me, The Jericho Mile, 48 Hrs. , Diggstown, part of Walk the Line (biography of Johnny Cash), and In the Folsom Prison Wall .
Public works
On the M-5 freeway in Farmington Hills, MI, two service drives - named Folsom and Freedom - are adjacent to the east and west sides respectively. Their placement symbolizes the idea that Folsom, like the Folsom State Prison, is the opposite of freedom.
Leading Prisoner
- Sonny Barger, former leader of Hells Angels.
- Edward Bunker, author of crime fiction, screenwriter, and actor.
- Thor Nis Christiansen, was an active serial killer and necrophob in California in the mid to late 1970s. He was killed by a stab wound in the practice yard in 1981.
- Eldridge Cleaver, the early leader of the Black Panther Party.
- George Contant, railroad robber; then taught about evil, brother of John Sontag.
- Chris Evans, railroad robber, partner of John Sontag.
- Joseph Gamsky, aka Joe Hunt, from Billionaire Boys Club.
- Glen Stewart Godwin, who escaped from Folsom earned him a spot on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list.
- Cameron Hooker, convicted of Kidnapping Colleen Stan.
- Rick James, musician.
- Edmund Kemper, "Co-Ed Killer"; was a serial killer and necrophile who was active in California in the early 1970s.
- Suge Knight, owner of Death Row Records.
- Timothy Leary, psychologist, and author.
- Charles Manson, murderer, conspirator
- Erik Menendez, punished with his brother, Lyle for killing his parents.
- James Mitose, a Japanese-American martial artist who brought Kempo art to the United States.
- Ed Morrell, an accomplice to the Evans-Sontag railroad robber of the 1890s.
- Ricky Murdock, a rapper known as Askari X. stage.
- Bobby Purify, original singer "I'm Your Puppet".
- Shorty Rossi, star of the show Animal Planet Pit Boss .
- Leo Ryan, US Congressman who when a lawmaker has filed a prisoner to investigate the conditions.
- Glen Sherley, musician.
- Danny Trejo, the actor.
References
External links
- Official website
- California Department of Improvement and Rehabilitation: official website Documentaries
- Code of Silence
- Folsom Realizes California Prison BluesÃ, - August 13, 2009 NPR Story
- "Folsom Prison boasts a rich history stretching a hundred and thirty years." California Department of Correction and Rehabilitation
- Folsom Prison sees 1893-1908 at The Bancroft Library
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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