The Strasbourg astronomical clock is located in Cathale  © Notre-Dame from Strasbourg, Alsace, France. This is the third hour in the place and comes from the time of the first French ownership in the city (1681-1870). The first hour was built in the 14th century, the second in the 16th century, when Strasbourg was the city of the Holy Roman Empire.
The current clock, the third hour of 1843. Its main features, in addition to automata, are timeless calendars (including computus ), an orrery (planetary dial), a real-world view of the Sun and Moon, and a solar and lunar eclipse. The main attraction is the procession of the tall figures of Jesus and the 18-inch Apostles, which occur daily during the daytime, while the large cock crows three times.
Video Strasbourg astronomical clock
Clock
First hour
The first astronomical clock of Strasbourg cathedral was established between 1352-1354, against the southern transept. The author's name is unknown. The clock is known as the "Three Kings" and has several automata. One of them is a gilded rooster, then reused at the second hour and which is now part of the Strasbourg Museum of Decorative Art collection and is considered the oldest preserved robot in the world. This bird, the symbol of Christ's desire, is made of iron, copper, and wood. During the day it flaps its wings and spreads its feathers. He also opened his beak, stuck out his tongue, and with bellows and reeds, crowed. In the upper compartment during the day, in the voice of a small sack, the Three Kings bow in front of the figure of the Virgin Mary and the Son of Christ.
The most definite clock has an astrolabe dial and a calendar dial. It stands on the wall opposite the current hour, and a staircase leads to various levels. Support for the former balcony can still be seen today, and shows that the clock height is about 18 m (59 '), with a width of about 7.70 m (25') at the base. At the base, a painted zodiac man shows the connection between the signs of the zodiac and parts of the human body.
There is also a large circle engraved on the wall, but this circle is not the rest of the first hour. It was added at a later stage, for some reason not clarified.
The entire structure was dismantled in 1572-4 when the second and even more ambitious clocks were installed on the opposite wall of the southern transept.
Second hour
The first hour stopped working and the new one started in the 16th century. It was designed by mathematician Christian Herlin. During the first phase, stones and stairs were built, about 1547, and dial and iron frame were being built when work was stopped, due to political problems - the cathedral became Catholic - and also because of the death of Herlin and his colleagues.
Construction was continued in 1571 by Conrad Dasypodius, a disciple and Herlin's successor. Dasypodius lists Swiss watchmakers Isaac Habrecht and Josia Habrecht, as well as astronomer and musician David Wolckenstein, and Swiss artist Tobias Stimmer and his brother Josias. Hours finished in 1574.
This clock is amazingly good for its complexity as an astronomical device and for the reach and richness of its decorations and accessories. As well as many buttons and indicators - calendar keys, astrolabes, indicators for the planet, and eclipse - the clock is also blessed with paintings, moving sculptures, automata, and musical entertainment in the form of six tune songs. Stimmers painted large panels depicting three Fates, Urania, Colossus, Nicolaus Copernicus, and various sacred themes, including Creation, the resurrection of the Dead, the final judgment, and the rewards of virtue and evil.
At the bottom of the clock there is an 86cm (34 ") diameter sky ball, accompanied by a pelican figure.The globe is connected with clock movement, and is set for the Strasbourg meridian.
A popular feature of the new clock is the golden cock, the first-hour relic, perched on top of the dome and entertaining the audience during the daytime every day until 1640, when struck by lightning.
Much of the work is still preserved in the Museum of Decorative Arts.
Third hour
The second hour stopped working around 1788 and remained until 1838, when Jean-Baptiste SchwilguÃÆ'Â © (1776-1856) began building the current clock. He devised a new mechanism to replace the old and which was meant to be art. SchwilguÃÆ' Â © wants to work on the clock since his childhood, but he only gets a contract 50 years later. Meanwhile, he has become acquainted with clockmaking, mathematics, and mechanics. He spent a year preparing 30 of his workers before actually starting construction. Later, the construction lasted from 1838 to 24 June 1843. However, the clock was inaugurated on December 31, 1842.
The golden hand of the clock denotes meaningful sun time, or "temps moyen"; silver hand denotes Central European Time, labeled "heure publique". In winter, the sun's time is about 30 ½ minutes behind Central European Time.
This clock may contain the first ever immortal Gregorian mechanical computus, designed by SchwilguÃÆ' Â © in 1816. In the 1970s, Klinghammer built a smaller replica of it.
Maps Strasbourg astronomical clock
Model
In 1887, a 25-year-old Sydney watchmaker named Richard Smith built a third-hour working model on a 1: 5 scale. Having never seen the original, Smith had to work from a pamphlet depicting the function of timeliness and astronomy. This model is now on display at the Powerhouse Museum, Sydney, Australia.
Details
See also
- The astronomical clock
Note
References
- Henry King: "Geared to the Stars: the evolution of the planetarium, orreri, and the astronomical clock", University of Toronto Press, 1978
- Alfred Ungerer and ThÃÆ'  © odore Ungerer: "L'horloge astronomique de la cathà © Ã… © drale de Strasbourg", Strasbourg, 1922
- Henri Bach, Jean-Pierre Rieb, and Robert Wilhelm: "Les trois horloges astronomques de la cathà © Å © drale de Strasbourg", 1992
- GÃÆ'¼nther Oestmann: Die StraÃÆ'Ÿburger MÃÆ'¼nsteruhr: Funktion und Bedeutung eines Cosmos-Modell des 16. Jahrhunderts. Stuttgart 1993; Issue 2 Berlin/Diepholz 2000.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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