The Jewish Museum is an art museum and arsenal of cultural artifacts, housed at 1109 Fifth Avenue, in the former Felix M. Warburg House, along the Mile Museum on Manhattan's Upper East Side, New York City.. The first Jewish museum in the United States, as well as the oldest Jewish museum in the world, contains the largest collection of Jewish art and culture outside the Israeli museum, over 30,000 objects. While the collection was founded in 1904 at the American Jewish Theological Seminary, the museum was not open to the public until 1947 when Felix Warburg's widow sold the property to the Seminary. It focuses on historical Jewish artifacts and modern and contemporary art. The museum collection exhibition, Scene from the Collection , comes with several temporary exhibitions each year.
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History
Warburg Family
Felix M. Warburg and his brother, Paul Warburg, were international bankers in the early twentieth century who invested their fortunes in New York's Kuhn, Loeb, & amp; Co Felix and Paul moved to the United States in 1894 and Felix soon after marrying Freida Schiff, daughter of Jacob Schiff, a partner at the firm. Active in Jewish communities and philanthropy for much of his life, Felix organized the Jewish Philanthropy Federation by combining 75 separate charities and organizations. He also served as director of the American Jewish Theological Seminary along with his father-in-law, Jacob H. Schiff. At that time, the Warburg family had been living in the house since 1908 when the construction that began two years earlier was completed.
The Jewish Museum
The museum's pre-eminent collection began with a prize of Jewish ceremonial art from Judge Mayer Sulzberger to the American Jewish Theological Seminary on January 20, 1904, where he was placed in a seminary library. Collections were moved in 1931, with the Seminary, 122 and Broadway. The Jewish Theological Seminary received over 400 Jewish ceremonial items and created, 'The Museum of Jewish Ceremonial Objects', formerly the Jacob Schiff Library. The collection was later expanded by major donations from Hadji Ephraim Benguiat and Harry G. Friedman. In 1939, in World War II, Poland sent about 350 objects to the city of New York from home and synagogue to preserve it.
After Felix Warburg's death in 1937, in January 1944, his widow, Frieda, donated the family home to the seminary as a permanent home for the museum, and the site was opened to the public as 'The Jewish Museum' in May 1947. Frieda Warburg said on opening that the museum would not be a grim reminder, but a celebration of Jewish faith and tradition. The museum's first expansion was the addition of a sculpture garden in 1959 by the Adam List. The building was expanded in 1963 and subsequently by architect Kevin Roche in 1993.
In the 1960s, the museum took a more active role in the contemporary art scene, with exhibits such as Main Structure, that helped launch the Minimalist art movement. In the decades since then, the museum has a new focus on Jewish culture and Jewish artists. From 1990 to 1993, director Joan Rosenbaum led the project to renovate and expand the building and carry out the museum's first large capital campaign, for $ 60 million. The project, designed by architect Kevin Roche, doubled the size of the museum, providing it with an additional seven floors. In 1992, the Jewish Museum and the Lincoln Center Film Institute worked together to create the New York Jewish Film Festival, which features narrative features, short films and documentaries.
Today, the museum also provides educational programs for adults and families, organizing concerts, films, symposia and lectures related to the exhibition. Joan Rosenbaum was director of the museum from 1981 until retiring in 2010. In 2011, the museum was named Claudia Gould as its new director. In 2012 Jens Hoffmann joined as Vice Director, Exhibition and Public Program.
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Architecture
Original House
The Felix M. Warburg house was built in the style of FranÃÆ'§ois I (or chÃÆ' Â ¢ teauesque), 1906-1908 for Felix and Frieda Warburg, designed by C.P.H. Gilbert. The FranÃÆ'§ois I style was originally discovered in New York City at the end of the 19th century through the work of Richard Morris Hunt. Hunt is a renowned architect throughout the Northeast, especially in New England and was one of the first American architects to study at the elite Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, France. C.P.H. Gilbert is a disciple of Hunt and mimics the classic style of ChÃÆ' Â ¢ teauesque Hunt for the Warburg house while also adding some Gothic features. The original house was built in limestone with mansard roof, drip mold, and roof. This style of architecture is based on French revivalism and exudes wealth, a point Felix Warburg wants to make to its neighbors. It displays a green page in front of the house, which is then converted into a museum entrance.
Remodeling
Once converted into a museum, architect Kevin Roche, who also designed the addition to the Metropolitan Art Museum, was chosen to design an addition to the Jewish Museum. After $ 36 million, the development of 11,000 square meters of exhibition space, and two and a half years, Roche completed the addition in June 1993. He intends to add it to the continuation of the revival features of the Gothic museum. This is very clear on the facade of Fifth Avenue and the auditorium. The facade of Fifth Avenue, made of Indiana limestone, is carved in a Gothic revival style. The auditorium is organized in a Gothic awakening ballroom style ballroom and finds utility for dome and stained-glass screen mansion. The cafe in the basement has stained glass windows.
Although this addition is intended as a continuation of the Gothic museum's revival feature, Roche also included an addition meant to prevent the museum from expiring and modernizing the facility. For example, Roche ensures that the education and auditorium centers will have the right technology for their purposes, such as an interactive visual display.
Collection
The museum has nearly 30,000 objects including paintings, sculptures, archeological artifacts, Jewish ceremonial art, and many other works essential to the preservation of Jewish history and culture. Artists are included in museum collections including James Tissot, Marc Chagall, George Segal, Eleanor Antin and Deborah Kass. It is the largest collection of Jewish art, Yudaica and broadcast media outside the museum in Israel. It has an exhibit collection called Scene from the Collection , which features works of art from antiquity to the present. The museum collections include objects from the ancient to the modern era, in all the media, and come from every region of the world where the Jews have presence.
Highlights
- Man Ray, Self Portrait with Camera, 1930
- Andy Warhol, Ten Portraits of the Twentieth Century Jews, 1980
- Eva Hesse, Untitled, 1963-64
- Richard Avedon, Jacob Israel Avedon portrait, 1969-73
- Adolph Gottlieb, The Return of Mariner, 1946
- Deborah Kass, Double Red Yentl, Split, from My Elvis series, 1993
- Jan Pogorzelski, Hanukkah menorah, 1893
- James Tissot, Adam and Eve Driven From Heaven, c. 1896-1902
- Alfred Stieglitz, The Steerage, 1907
- Reuven Rubin, Vendor Goldfish, 1928
- Marc Chagall, Old Man with Beard, c. 1931
- Johann Adam Boller Hanukkah menorah, Frankfurt am Main (Germany), 1706-32
- Torah Ark from Adath Yeshurun ​​â € <â €
Art Exhibition
Over the past twenty years, several important museum exhibits have included:
- Montparnasse Circle: Jewish Artist in Paris, 1905-1945 (1985)
- The Dreyfus Affair: Art, Truth, and Justice (1987)
- Painting Places in America: Jewish Artists in New York, 1900-1945 (1991)
- Too Jewish: Challenging Traditional Identity (1996)
- Assignment: Rescue, Variety Fry Story, and Emergency Rescue Committee (1997)
- Expression in Paris: Chaim Soutine's Painting (1998)
- Sounds, Images, Gestures: Options from the Jewish Museum Collection, 1945-2000 (2001)
- Mirroring Evil: Nazi Imagery/Recent Art (2002)
- New York: Capital of Photography (2002)
- Modigliani Beyond thethth (2004)
- Eva Hesse: Statue (2006)
- Action/Abstraction: Pollock, de Kooning, and American Art, 1940-1976 (2008)
- Shifting the Gaze: Painting and Feminism (2010-2011) Harry Houdini: Art and Magic (2010-2011)
- Maira Kalman: Illuminations (from Crazy World) (2011)
- Collecting Matisse and Modern Masters: The Cone sisters of Baltimore (2011)
- Radical Camera: New York Photo League , 1936-1951 (2012)
- Snowy Day and Art of Ezra Jack Keats (2012)
- Kehinde Wiley/The World Stage: Israel (2012)
- ÃÆ' â € ° douard Vuillard: A Painter and His Muses, 1890-1940 (2012)
- "Crossing Borders: Manuscripts from the Bodleian Library" (September 14, 2012 - February 3, 2013)
- "Sharon Lockhart | Noa Eshkol" (November 2, 2012 - March 24, 2013)
- "Pierre Chareau: Modern Architecture and Design" (November 4, 2016 - March 24, 2017)
Gallery
Management
In 2013, the Jewish Museum operates on an annual budget of $ 17 million. Under the leadership of Joan Rosenbaum, the museum's collection grew to 26,000 objects, contributing more than $ 92 million and its annual operating budget to $ 15 million from $ 1 million in 1981. Rosenbaum chose to emphasize the Jewish side of museum identity, creating a permanent exhibit " Culture and Continuity: The Jewish Journey, "while also exhibiting performances of modern Jewish artists such as Chaim Soutine and contemporary artists like Maira Kalman. In 2013, the museum council voted Claudia Gould, former director of the Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia, as its new director.
In 2015, Kelly Taxter was named one of the top 25 female curators in the world by ArtNet.
See also
- List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City
References
External links
- Official website
- "Existing Exhibition" on the Jewish Museum website
- "Previous Exhibits" on the Jewish Museum website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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