The erector spinae ( "English respelling pronunciation"> i- REK -t? R SPY -nee ) or spinal erector is a set of muscles that straightens and rotates the back.
Video Erector spinae muscles
Structure
Erector spinae is not just one muscle, but a bunch of muscles and tendons that run more or less vertically and paired from left to right. These muscles are located in the grooves to the vertebral column sides and extend throughout the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical regions. Spinoe erector is closed in the lumbar and thoracic regions by the thoracolumbar fascia, and in the cervical region by the nuchal ligament.
These large muscular mass and tendons vary in size and structure in different parts of the vertebral column. In the sacred area, it is narrow and pointy, and initially mainly tendin in the structure. In the lumbar region, it is larger, and forms a thick fleshy mass. Further upwards, divided into three columns. They gradually diminish in size as they rise to put in the spine and ribs.
The erector's spina emerges from the wide and thick anterior surface of the tendon. It attaches to the medial peaks of the sacrum, to the spinous processes of lumbar and eleventh and twelfth thoracic vertebrae and supraspinous ligaments, to the back of the inner lips of the iliac peak, and to the lateral crest of the sacrum, where it fuses with the sacroiliac sacrotuberous ligament and posterior.
Some of the fibers are continuous with the fibers from the gluteus maximus.
Muscle fibers form a large, fleshy mass that divides, in the upper lumbar region, into three columns, namely, lateral (iliocostalis), intermediate (longissimus), and medial (spinalis). Each consists of three parts, lower than superior, as follows:
Iliocostalis
The iliocostalis are derived from the sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, and iliac crest. The iliocostalis has three different insertions according to the section:
- iliocostalis lumbarum has a lumbar portion (where its insertion is in the 12th to 7th ribs).
- thoracis iliocostalis in which the insertion runs from the last 6 ribs to the first 6 ribs.
- cervicis iliocostalis extending from the first 6 ribs to the posterior tubercle of the C6-C4 transversal process.
Longissimus
The longissimus muscle is the intermediate and the largest of the three columns. It has three parts with different origin and insertion:
- longissimus thoracis came from the sacrum, lumbar spinous process and transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae last and insertion in the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, aporeurosis erifier erector, rib and costal processes of the thoracic vertebrae.
- longissimus cervicis is derived from the transversal T6-T1 and inserts in the C7-C2 transversal process.
- longissimus capitis is derived from the transverse process of the T3-T1, walk through C7-C3, and insert the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
Spinalis
The spinal muscle is the smallest and largest medial column. It has three parts:
- thoracis spinalis derived from the L3-T10 spinous process and inserts in the spinous process of T8-T2.
- The cervicis spinalis is derived from the spinous T2-C6 process and the insertion in the C4-C2 spinous process.
- Spinal cord is a muscle fiber that is not constant that extends from the upper cervical and thoracic and then inserts in the external occipital bulge.
From the lateral to the medial, the erector spinae muscles can be remembered using mnemonic, I L ove S pine. I lliocostalis, Love Longissimus and Spine Spinalis.
Maps Erector spinae muscles
Training
Examples of exercises in which the spina erector can be strengthened for therapeutic or athletic purposes, but are not limited to:
- Bent-over row
- Deadlift
- Hyperextension
- Good morning
- Pull-up (practice)
- Rowing
- Squatting
- Utkatasana
- Bridge (training)
Additional images
References
This article combines text in the public domain of page 397 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
External links
- Anatomical figure: 01: 05-03 in Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "An extrinsic middle layer of muscle in the back, deep muscle."
- ithaca.edu
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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